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许渊冲版《清明》赏析
清 明
(唐)杜牧
牧童遥指杏花村。
The Mourning Day
A drizzling rain falls like tears on the Mourning Day;
The mourner's heart is going to break on his way.
Where can a wineshop be found to drown his sad hours?
许老指出,在这首诗里,“清明时节”不是指天气,而是悼念亡人的节日,所以不能按字面意思等翻成“the Pure Brightness Day”,而要翻成“the Mourning Day”;
“雨纷纷”如果只译为“it drizzles thick”,传达不出原文的意境,如果把雨水比作眼泪,则更能体现出哀悼之情,所以译为“a drizzling rain falls like tears”;
“路上行人”不是指一般的过路人,而是特指上坟悼念死者的亲友,所以翻译为“mourner”;
“断魂”译成“伤心”略轻,译成“心碎”略重,但许老认为这里“过之”胜于“不及”,所以整句译为“a mourner's heart is going to break on his way”;
“酒家”不能直接译为“public house”,因为英国的酒家太热闹,而翻译为“wineshop”又可能指卖酒而不喝酒的酒店,所以需要补充为“a wineshop to drown his sad hours”;
来源:网络