The Art of War
孙子兵法
By Sun Tzu
孙武
Translated by Lionel Giles
The Art of War (Chinese: 孙子兵法; pinyin: Sūnzǐ Bīngfǎ) is a Chinese military treatise that was written by Sun Tzu in the 6th century BC, during the Spring and Autumn period. (Some scholars believe it was written during the later Warring States period.) Composed of 13 chapters, each of which is devoted to one aspect of warfare, it is said to be the definitive work on military strategies and tactics of its time, and still one of the basic texts.
《孙子兵法》，简称《孙子》，又称《孙武兵法》和《吴孙子兵法》，是中国古代的兵书，作者为春秋末年的齐国人孙武（字长卿）。一般认为，《孙子兵法》成书于前515至前512年，全书为十三篇，是孙武初次见面赠送给吴王的见面礼。事见司马迁《史记》：“孙子武者，齐人也，以兵法见吴王阖闾。阖闾曰：子之十三篇吾尽观之矣”。
The Art of War is one of the oldest and most successful books on military strategy. It has had an influence on Eastern military thinking, business tactics, and beyond. Sun Tzu suggested the importance of positioning in strategy and that position is affected both by objective conditions in the physical environment and the subjective opinions of competitive actors in that environment. He thought that strategy was not planning in the sense of working through an established list, but rather that it requires quick and appropriate responses to changing conditions. Planning works in a controlled environment, but in a changing environment, competing plans collide, creating unexpected situations.
有个别观点曾认为今本《孙子》应是战国中晚期孙膑及其弟子的作品，但是银雀山出土的汉简（同时在西汉墓葬中出土《孙子兵法》、《孙膑兵法》各一部）已基本否定此说。
The book was translated into the French language in 1772 by French Jesuit Jean Joseph Marie Amiot, and into English by British officer Everard Ferguson Calthrop in 1905. Leaders as diverse as Mao Zedong, General Vo Nguyen Giap, Baron Antoine-Henri Jomini, and General Douglas MacArthur have claimed to have drawn inspiration from the work. The Art of War has also been applied to business and managerial strategies.
《孙子兵法》是世界上最早的兵书之一。在中国被奉为兵家经典，后世的兵书大多受到它的影响，对中国的军事学发展影响非常深远。它也被翻译成多种语言，在世界军事史上也具有重要的地位。
1. Sun Tzu said: There are five ways of attacking with fire. The first is to burn soldiers in their camp; the second is to burn stores; the third is to burn baggage trains; the fourth is to burn arsenals and magazines; the fifth is to hurl dropping fire amongst the enemy.2. In order to carry out an attack, we must have means available. The material for raising fire should always be kept in readiness.3. There is a proper season for making attacks with fire, and special days for starting a conflagration.4. The proper season is when the weather is very dry; the special days are those when the moon is in the constellations of the Sieve, the Wall, the Wing or the Cross-bar; for these four are all days of rising wind.孙子曰：凡火攻有五：一曰火人，二曰火积，三曰火辎，四曰火库，五曰火队。行火必有因，烟火必素具。发火有时，起火有日。时者，天之燥也。日者，月在萁、壁、翼、轸也。凡此四宿者，风起之日也。 5. In attacking with fire, one should be prepared to meet five possible developments:6. When fire breaks out inside to enemy's camp, respond at once with an attack from without.7. If there is an outbreak of fire, but the enemy's soldiers remain quiet, bide your time and do not attack.8. When the force of the flames has reached its height, follow it up with an attack, if that is practicable; if not, stay where you are.9. If it is possible to make an assault with fire from without, do not wait for it to break out within, but deliver your attack at a favourable moment.10. When you start a fire, be to windward of it. Do not attack from the leeward.11. A wind that rises in the daytime lasts long, but a night breeze soon falls.12. In every army, the five developments connected with fire must be known, the movements of the stars calculated, and a watch kept for the proper days.凡火攻，必因五火之变而应之。火发於内，则早应之於外。火发而其 兵静者，待而勿攻。极其火力，可从而从之，不可从而止。火可发於 外，无待於内，以时发之。火发上风，无攻下风。昼风久，夜风止。凡军必知有五火之变，以数守之。 13. Hence those who use fire as an aid to the attack show intelligence; those who use water as an aid to the attack gain an accession of strength.14. By means of water, an enemy may be intercepted, but not robbed of all his belongings.故以火佐攻者明，以水佐攻者强。水可以绝，不可以夺。15. Unhappy is the fate of one who tries to win his battles and succeed in his attacks without cultivating the spirit of enterprise; for the result is waste of time and general stagnation.16. Hence the saying: The enlightened ruler lays his plans well ahead; the good general cultivates his resources.17. Move not unless you see an advantage; use not your troops unless there is something to be gained; fight not unless the position is critical.18. No ruler should put troops into the field merely to gratify his own spleen; no general should fight a battle simply out of pique.19. If it is to your advantage, make a forward move; if not, stay where you are.20. Anger may in time change to gladness; vexation may be succeeded by content.21. But a kingdom that has once been destroyed can never come again into being; nor can the dead ever be brought back to life.22.Hence the enlightened ruler is heedful, and the good general full of caution. This is the way to keep a country at peace and an army intact.夫战胜攻取，而不修其功者凶，命曰“费留"。故曰：明主虑之，良 将修之。非利不动，非得不用，非危不战。主不可以怒而兴师，将不 可以愠而致战。合於利而动，不合於利而止。怒可以复喜，愠可以复 悦，亡国不可以复存，死者不可以复生。故明君慎之，良将警之。此 安国全军之道也。来源网络，仅供英语学习。
孙子兵法(The Art of War)：谋攻第三
孙子兵法(The Art of War)：军形第四
孙子兵法(The Art of War)：兵势第五
孙子兵法(The Art of War)：虚实第六
孙子兵法(The Art of War)：军争第七
孙子兵法(The Art of War)：九变第八