刊讯｜SSCI 期刊《语言、认知与神经科学》2022年第2期

LANGUAGE, COGNITION AND NEUROSCIENCE

Volume 37, Issue 2, 2022

LANGUAGE, COGNITION AND NEUROSCIENCE（SSCI一区，2020 IF：2.331）2022年第2期共发文7篇，均为研究性论文。论文内容涉及句子处理、眼动追踪、二语习得研究、语义学等方面。

目录

ARTICLES

■ Eyetracking while reading passives: an event structure account of difficulty, by Caterina Laura Paolazzi, Nino Grillo, Claudia Cera, Fani Karageorgou, Emily Bullman, Wing Yee Chow, Andrea Santi, Pages 135–153.

■ Theta activity and phase resetting during perception of French homophonous utterances, by Noelia Do Carmo-Blanco, Michel Hoen, Elsa Spinell, Fanny Meunier, Pages 154-164.

■ Within- and between-language competition in adult second language learners: implications for language proficiency, by McCall E. Sarrett, Christine Shea, Bob McMurray, Pages 165-181.

■ Effects of lexical cues on phrase structure encoding: evidence from the production of genitives in Dutch, by Chi Zhang, Sarah Bernolet, Robert J. Hartsuiker, Pages 182-208.

■ Is second best good enough? An EEG study on the effects of word expectancy in sentence comprehension, by Sofia Frade, Ana P. Pinheiro, Andrea Santi, Ana Raposo, Pages 209-223.

■ Semantic word integration in children with cochlear implants: electrophysiological evidence, by Elizabeth Pierotti, Sharon Coffey-Corina, Tristan Schaefer, David P. Corina, Pages 224-240.

■ Age- and gender-related differences in verbal semantic processing: the development of normative electrophysiological data in the Flemish population, by E. M. Cocquyt, P. Santens, P. van Mierlo, W. Duyck, A. Szmalec, M. De Letter, Pages 241-267.

摘要

Eyetracking while reading passives: an event structure account of difficulty

Caterina Laura Paolazzi, Linguistics – University College London, London, UK

Nino Grillo, University of York, York, UK

Claudia Cera, Linguistics – University College London, London, UK

Fani Karageorgou, Linguistics – University College London, London, UK

Emily Bullman, Linguistics – University College London, London, UK

Wing Yee Chow, Linguistics – University College London, London, UK

Andrea Santi, Linguistics – University College London, London, UK

Abstract Among existing accounts of passivisation difficulty, some argue it depends on the predicate semantics (i.e. passives are more difficult with subject-experiencer than agent-patient verbs). Inconsistent with the accounts that predict passive difficulty, Paolazzi et al. (2019) found that passives were read faster than actives at the verb and object by-phrase in a series of self-paced reading experiments, with no modulation of verb type. However, self-paced reading provides limited direct measurement of late revision/interpretive processing. We used modified stimuli from Paolazzi et al. (2019) to re-examine this issue in two eye-tracking while reading experiments. We found that in late measures, passives with subject-experiencer verbs had longer fixation durations than actives at the verb and two subsequent regions but no difference was observed across agent-patient verbs. Subject-experiencer verbs provide a state, but the passive structure requires an event. Thus, the required eventive interpretation is coerced with subject-experiencers (if possible) and induces difficulty.

Key words: Event structure; sentence processing; eye-tracking; passive sentence

Theta activity and phase resetting during perception of French homophonous utterances

Noelia Do Carmo-Blanco, Université Côte d’Azur, BCL, CNRS UMR7320, Nice, France

Michel Hoen, Oticon medical, Vallauris, France

Elsa Spinell, Université Grenoble Alpes, LPNC, CNRS, UMR5105, Grenoble, France

Fanny Meunier, Université Côte d’Azur, BCL, CNRS UMR7320, Nice, France

Abstract Speech perception involves segmenting a continuous stream of speech into its word components. This can be challenging in the case of homophonous utterances only differing in non-contrastive subphonemic features. Yet, the speech perception system seems able to discriminate subphonemic deviation in homophonous utterances, since it has been shown to elicit a mismatch response (MMN). Here, we focused on the oscillatory correlates, namely phase resetting and power, of non-contrastive subphonemic deviation processing in language. An oddball task that considered natural intraspeaker variability was used.

Subphonemic deviance elicited intertrial phase coherence (ITC) differences in the theta band at Fz during the time window of the MMN. No differences in power were found. This suggests that the processing of subphonemic deviation in speech signals, reflected by the MMN, might rely on mechanisms of phase resetting. ITC might facilitate the synchronous firing of functional networks involved in the processing of subphonemic deviance.

Key words: Homophone; time-frequency; theta activity; ITC; oddball

Within- and between-language competition in adult second language learners: implications for language proficiency

McCall E. Sarrett, Dept. of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Villanova University, Villanova, PA, USA

Christine Shea, Dept. of Spanish and Portuguese, Dept. of Linguistics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA

Bob McMurray, Dept. of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dept. of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Dept. of Linguistics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA

Abstract Second language (L2) learners must not only acquire L2 knowledge (i.e. vocabulary and grammar), but they must also rapidly access this knowledge. In monolinguals, efficient spoken word recognition is accomplished via lexical competition, by which listeners activate a range of candidates that compete for recognition as the signal unfolds. We examined this in adult L2 learners, investigating lexical competition both amongst words of the L2, and between L2 and native language (L1) words. Adult L2 learners (N = 33) in their third semester of college Spanish completed a cross-linguistic Visual World Paradigm task to assess lexical activation, along with a proficiency assessment (LexTALE-Esp). L2 learners showed typical incremental processing activating both within-L2 and cross-linguistic competitors, similar to fluent bilinguals. Proficiency correlated with both the speed of activating the target (which prior work links to the developmental progression in L1) and the degree to which competition ultimately resolves (linked to robustness of the lexicon).

Key words: Second language acquisition; spoken word recognition; lexical competition; language proficiency; visual world paradigm

Effects of lexical cues on phrase structure encoding: evidence from the production of genitives in Dutch

Chi Zhang, Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; School of Foreign Languages and Cultures, Nanjing Normal

University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China

Sarah Bernolet, Department of Linguistics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium

Robert J. Hartsuiker, Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

Abstract This paper examined the role of lexical processing in phrase structure building in sentence production. We asked whether speakers exploit a lexical cue as a lexical guide (i.e. the cued word occurs earlier in the sentence) and as a retrieval cue (i.e. a cue facilitates the retrieval of a memorised structure). In two experiments, participants recalled Dutch genitive sentences. In some recall trials, they received a lexical cue that repeated one argument of the to-be-recalled sentence. In two further experiments, participants read a genitive sentence and then generated a new one from a visually-presented triplet of arguments. The visual salience of the arguments and lexical overlap were manipulated. In all four experiments, speakers consistently started the phrase with the cued word. There was no evidence of a lexical cueing effect on structure retrieval. The findings suggest that speakers mainly exploit lexical information as a lexical guide when formulating phrase structures.

Key words: Sentence recall; structural priming; sentence structure memory; lexical cueing

Is second best good enough? An EEG study on the effects of word expectancy in sentence comprehension

Sofia Frade, Department of Applied Linguistics and Communication, Birkbeck, University of London, London, UK

Ana P. Pinheiro, Faculdade de Psicologia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal

Andrea Santi, Department of Linguistics, University College London, London, UK 

Ana Raposo, Faculdade de Psicologia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal

Abstract Sentence comprehension can be facilitated when readers anticipate the upcoming word. Notwithstanding, it remains uncertain if only the most expected word is anticipated, as postulated by the serial graded hypothesis, or if all probable words are pre-activated, as proposed by the parallel probabilistic hypothesis. To test these contrasting accounts, we compared the processing of expected and unexpected words with second-best words, i.e. the second most expected word in a sentence. The results, from 30 participants, revealed a graded facilitation effect for the expected words, indexed by the N400 mean amplitude, which was the least negative for the most expected words, intermediate for second-best words, and most negative for unexpected words. The Post-N400 Positivity analysis did not reveal any significant effects. The facilitation effect found for the most expected and second-best words suggests that readers can pre-activate multiple candidates during sentence comprehension.

Key words: Lexical prediction; N400; event-related potentials; sentence comprehension; expectancy effect

Semantic word integration in children with cochlear implants: electrophysiological evidence

Elizabeth Pierotti, Center for Mind and Brain, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA

Sharon Coffey-Corina, Center for Mind and Brain, University of California, Davis, CA, USA

Tristan Schaefer, Center for Mind and Brain, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Linguistics, University of California, Davis, CA, USA

David P. Corina, Center for Mind and Brain, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Linguistics, University of California, Davis, CA, USA

Abstract Differential auditory experiences of children with hearing-loss who receive cochlear implants (CIs) may influence the integration of lexical and conceptual information. Here we measured event- related potentials during a word-picture priming task in CI-using children (n = 29, mean age = 81 months) and typically-hearing children (n=19, mean age=75 months) while they viewed audiovisual-word primes and picture targets that were semantically congruent or incongruent. In both groups, semantic relatedness modulated ERP amplitude 300–500 ms after picture onset, signifying an N400 semantic effect. Critically, the CI-using children’s responses to unrelated pairs were significantly more negative than hearing children’s responses. Group differences were mirrored in an earlier 150–275 ms time window associated with a P2 response. The present findings suggest attentional and/or strategic differences impact semantic processing and contribute to the N400 differences observed between groups.

Key words: Children; cochlear implants; semantics; event-related potential; N400

Age- and gender-related differences in verbal semantic processing: the development of normative electrophysiological data in the Flemish population

E. M. Cocquyt, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Research Group BrainComm, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

P. Santens, Research Group BrainComm, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Neurology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium

P. van Mierlo, Research Group BrainComm, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Electronics and Information Systems, Medical Image and Signal Processing Group, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

W. Duyck, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

A. Szmalec, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium

M. De Letter, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Research Group BrainComm, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

Abstract Categorical and associative relationships among words are two key forms of semantic knowledge. In this study, we examined ageing and gender effects on the processing of both types of semantic relationships by using the event-related potential technique. Moreover, we aimed to develop normative electrophysiological data for clinical purposes. One hundred and ten healthy subjects were divided among three age groups and subjected to two auditory word priming paradigms. Early auditory processing was influenced by increasing age as shown by larger P1 amplitudes and by delayed onsets of the N1 and P2. Conversely, ageing effects on the main N400 effect were limited to an increased right hemispheric lateralisation pattern for associative relationships. Gender effects could be demonstrated, with women showing larger P2 amplitudes and larger semantic priming effects in comparison to men. The interpretation of these findings is discussed and the practical utility of the obtained normative data is emphasised.

Key words: Ageing; gender; semantics; event-related potentials; normative data

期刊简介

Language, Cognition and Neuroscience is aninternational peer-reviewed journal promoting integrated cognitive theoreticalstudies of language and its neural bases.

《语言、认知和神经科学》是一本国际同行评议杂志，旨在促进语言及其神经基础的综合认知理论研究。

The journal takes an interdisciplinaryapproach to the study of brain and language, aiming to integrate excellentcognitive science and neuroscience to answer key questions about the nature oflanguage and cognition in the mind and the brain. 

该期刊采用跨学科的方法研究大脑和语言，旨在整合优秀的认知科学和神经科学，回答有关大脑和大脑中语言和认知本质的关键问题。

It aims to engage researchersand practitioners alike in how to better understand cognitive language function,including:

• Language cognition

• Neuroscience

• Brain and language

它旨在让研究人员和实践者共同参与如何更好地理解认知语言功能，包括：

• 语言认知

• 神经科学

• 大脑与语言

官网地址：

https://www.tandfonline.com/journals/plcp21

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