刊讯｜《中国文字》2022年第3期

《中国文字》

    《中国文字》20222年第3期共刊文6篇，主题涉及汉字阅读中的神经认知、日本汉字的区域分布、碑刻文字机器自动识别、甲骨文眼动识别、甲骨卜辞、楚简文字等议题。欢迎投稿！

目 录

摘 要

Neurocognition in the reading of Chinese characters

汉字阅读中的神经认知

Junru Wu

吴君如

East China Normal University, China

华东师范大学

Abstract:

Chinese characters, which form an ideographic writing system, have shown distinctive features in the neurocognition of their reading. This paper gives a comprehensive review of five main issues of Chinese reading, which are (1) the relationship across written forms, sounds, and meanings during the neurocognitive processing of Chinese reading, (2) the involvement of structural and linguistic units, such as strokes (笔画), radicles (部件), components (偏旁), whole characters (整字), and words (词), in character reading, (3) the influence of attentional conditions on character reading, (4) the activation of Chinese characters from non-character input, and (5) the influences of readers’ linguistic experiences on character reading. We summarize that the reading of Chinese characters involves dynamic integration of multi-channel information and multiple levels of processing units, which, as compared with alphabetic writing systems, rely more on form-to-meaning semantic processing, while its form-to-phonology non-semantic processing is greatly influenced by para-linguistic context.

Keywords:

Chinese characters, cognitive neuroscience, reading

网址：https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/25138502211061605

Tablet inscription recognition based on the convolutional neural network

基于卷积神经网络的碑刻文字自动识别

Shun Luo

罗顺

East China Normal University, China

华东师范大学

Abstract:

Text image recognition has opened up a new path for intelligent text sorting and research. The number of epitaph inscriptions is very large and of great value. Due to the limitation of objective conditions, there are many deficiencies in the study of its text arrangement and it is urgent to adopt new methods and new technologies to overcome them. This paper attaches great importance to the design of an automatic recognition algorithm for tablets based on the convolutional neural network. It also describes the application prospects of using the algorithm for the reading and distinguishing of inscriptions, the sorting of inscriptions, and the building of intelligent databases.

Keywords:

Automatic recognition, convolutional neural network, epitaph inscriptions

网址：https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/25138502211063531

The regional distribution of Japanese kanji

日本汉字的区域分布

Hiroyuki Sasahara

笹原宏之

Waseda University, Japan

早稻田大学

Abstract:

In Japan, kanji is generally thought to be used uniformly across the country. However, in reality, there are regional characteristics regarding the frequency of usage concerning specific kanji, the font, how they are read, their usage, and how the word is written. This paper focuses particularly on proper nouns, such as names of localities and families, to verify the types of spatial distributions that exist and examine the literature concerning their geographical and political phenomena and historical events that have occurred.

Keywords:

Center versus periphery, dialect kanji, geographical distribution, Japanese original kanji (Kokuji, Waji)

网址：https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/25138502211063632

Reading-based recognition and processing of the oracle bone inscriptions: An eye-tracking study

基于眼动实验的甲骨文识别研究

Tingzhu Chen, Xiaoxue Wang, Doudou Li and Dawei Jin

陈婷珠，王晓雪，李豆豆，金大卫

Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China 

上海交通大学人文学院

Hongkou District Government, Shanghai, China

上海虹口区组织部 

Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China

上海交通大学人文学院

Abstract:

This paper aims at investigating the cognitive processing of the oracle bone inscriptions (OBIs) for L1 (first-language) speakers. Adopting both a behavioral and an eye-tracking experimental paradigm, the paper explores how language background and the prior learning of Chinese characters affect L1 speakers’ recognition and processing of the OBIs. Our results reveal the following. (1) L1 speakers process distinct oracle structural categories differently. In terms of accuracy, the recognition of the xiangxing and huiyi structures is better than that of the zhishi and xingsheng structures. In terms of eye-movement metrics, the differences in processing converged with the behavioral findings. (2) L1 speakers differ in the processing of oracle characters depending on their structural similarities with the corresponding modern Chinese characters. Furthermore, characters with structural symmetry are easier to recognize, as reflected in their higher accuracy (behavioral task) and shorter duration (eye-tracking task). (3) The recognition and the eye-movement experimental data reveal a significant effect of learning. The current study carries empirical and theoretical implications for understanding the underlying comprehension mechanisms of the OBIs and the application of computer-assisted oracle recognition techniques.

Keywords:

Eye-tracking, oracle bone inscriptions, reading-based, recognition

Introduction

网址：https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/25138502211067274

The nature of “you 有” in the “you 有+verb” structure of oracle bone inscriptions

甲骨卜辞“有+VP”结构中“有”的词性探析

Runlong Yang, Junjun Ma and Fei Deng

杨润龙、马军军、邓飞

Institute of Chinese Language and Documents, Southwest University, China

西南大学汉语言文献所

The College of International Studies, Southwest University, China

西南大学外国语学院

Institute of Chinese Language and Documents, Southwest University, China

西南大学汉语言文献所

Abstract:

A large volume of published studies have described the part of speech of “you 有” in the “you 有+verb phrase (VP)”structure of oracle bone inscriptions. However, much of the literature lacks a fine-grained classification of the VP following “you 有.” This article starts with the structure of the VP and analyzes the syntactic and semantic relationship between “you 有” and the VP. It is found that when “you 有” is used in conjunction with different VPs, it has changed the lexical meaning and syntactic function from a verb indicating existence to an adverb denoting emphasis on the VP, with the pragmatic effect of focus-marking. Several factors could explain this change, ranging from syntactic structure to frequency of use and subjectivity.

Keywords:

Oracle bone inscriptions, semantic bleaching, verb phrase, you 有

网址：https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/25138502221099072

Further discussion on the complexity of synonymic interchange of characters in the Chu bamboo slips

再论楚简文字同义换读的复杂性

Xiaorui Feng and Shaohong Yu

  冯晓瑞 俞绍宏

Research Center for the Inheritance, Dissemination and Education of the Chinese

Characters Civilization, Zhengzhou University, China

郑州大学汉字文明研究中心

Abstract:

The synonymic interchange of characters in the Chu bamboo slips could be combined with other language phenomena, such as jiajie (假借), showing complexity as follows: one character was synonymously interchanged as another character, and then it was borrowed as the loan graph of a third character, which was same in pronunciation as the other character, or one character was borrowed as the loan graph of another character, and then it was synonymously interchanged as a third character, which is the same as or close in meaning to the other character. After one character was synonymously interchanged as another character, the interchanged character could be used as the phonetic component to construct new characters.

Keywords:

Chu bamboo slips, complexity, synonym interchange

网址：https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/25138502211103904

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