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中小学教育必看的TED演讲：老师如果这样教，孩子会更主动学！
什么是好的教育？
爱因斯坦曾经说过:“教育不是学习事实，而是训练大脑去思考。”
作为一名拥有丰富教学经验的老师Joe Ruhl，他观察到比起接收式学习，学生更喜欢能自主选择，能探索的学习模式。结合多年经验，他提出了6Cs教学法，这种教学法不仅更有效，而且很有趣，能够更好地激励学生，从而实现真正的学习。
演讲者：Joe Ruhl
教师，拥有37年教龄，目前在印第安纳州拉斐特的杰斐逊高中教授生物学，遗传学和科学研究课程。获得金苹果教学奖、国家科学教学奖等多个教育类奖项。
So inspiring the students of the future. What really works? 37 years of teaching experience have taught me that two things are needed. Research-based teaching techniques and relationship. Relationship is huge, but we’ll talk more about that later. What I’d like to look at first are the techniques.
I think probably most of us remember the teacher-centered classroom. This is probably what we’re familiar with from our youth. You remember the teacher was up front in the center.
Now I have to admit I love lecturing but my students don’t always love it. It does not always inspire.
Actually over 10 years ago, the National Education Association identified those last four Cs on the list as essential 21st century skills that kids should learn. And I agree wholeheartedly.
Now I think we’re made for learning this way. Imagine our early hominid ancestors out looking for food, don’t you know that finding and tracking that woolly mammoth required critical thinking and problem solving. It definitely required collaboration, teamwork. I mean, you wouldn’t want to do this by yourself. No way. And collaboration required communication.
And then I imagine those people sitting around the campfire at night, reliving the adventures of the day’s hunt, they must have had smiles on their faces when they were retelling the story of the hunt.
Now this requires — a classroom set up based on the 5 Cs requires a shift: from a teacher-centered classroom to a student-centered classroom. And this requires a teacher to remove him or herself from front and center becoming more of a guide on the side rather than a sage on the stage. But this opens up opportunities to not merely teach but to coach, to mentor, to nurture and inspire. And that’s why I love it so much.
Now timeout, it’s important for me to mention these are not my original ideas. I stand on the shoulders of giants. Remember Plutarch. He said it a long time ago: ‘the mind is not a vessel that needs filling but wood that needs igniting’. And more recently, Albert Einstein: ‘education is not the learning of facts but the training of the mind to think.’
All right. You’re going to have to bear with me. I’m going to get real goose bumply for a minute. One of the absolute most exciting moments of my life, my professional life, was meeting Albert Einstein just a few years ago, changed my life bumping into him in that Wax Museum. What a moment it was!
So I stand on the shoulders of giants — giants like Montessori and Piaget and Dr. Sam Postlethwait who was doing a lot of these things in his biology classes at Purdue University back in the 1960s. I’m a product of the Purdue Biology Department. That’s where I fell in love with biology.
I stand on the shoulders of giants like Tom Watson, Steve Rendek who were doing this back in the 1970s in their high school biology classes. I stand on the shoulders of many giants called elementary school teachers and special ed teachers. So I’m a product of all of those mentors.
So collaboration, communication, critical thinking, creativity and student choice – what does it look like? If I could just share with you briefly the experiences that I’ve tried with this.
One of the things that is not required — there are two activities normally in every unit that are not required. One is the test at the end of the unit and the other one is the computer tutorial. I’ve taken several summers and written these self-paced interactive computer tutorials that the kids work through.
And so if you came to visit my class on a typical day you would see some kids working through the computer tutorials. You would very likely see some kids working on some website activities online.
You would probably notice some kids tending to their ongoing science fair projects. And I know for sure you would probably find a group of kids off in another corner around an educational game designed to teach them about some biological concept related to the unit. And you would likely see some kids doing some hands-on, minds-on simulations learning about some other biological phenomena.
I know you would see some kids off in a corner filling out what are called reflection sheets that are designed to get them to think about their learning, self evaluate their efforts, take past knowledge and connect it to new knowledge.
And there’s one other activity on the menu that a lot of kids really enjoy. It’s called arts and entertainment. It’s on the menu in every unit and this is where the students take any concept they’ve learned in the unit and at home, develop some kind of a project presentation and then present it to the rest of the class on the last day of the unit.
This method of teaching for me, I have found in 37 years experience, is not only effective but it’s fun, because it allows me to sit down with small groups of students.
And teachers, when you do this, if you do this, the whole situation creates somewhat of a teacher paradox because by removing yourself from front and center you seem to become less important.
First, let’s talk about the passion. You know what I remember about third grade, remember Jenny on the bus. I’m not kidding, third grade. No, the thing I remember most about the classroom in third grade is I remember our teacher every day after lunch would read to us for 10 to 15 minutes.
Then for that other love. Teachers’ love for the kids. If there are any teachers in the audience don’t get nervous. I’m not talking about warm fuzzy emotional love. I’m talking about genuine decisional put-the-other-person-first-kind-of-love.
So teachers, an airtight lesson plan is important. A well-organized consistent discipline plan is important. Effective use of technology is important. The standards are important but please don’t let them stifle your creativity.
What they’re going to remember most is that you look them in the eye and ask them about their extracurricular activities and their part time jobs. What they’re going to remember most is that you just ask him in the hall how they were doing.
What they’re going to remember most is that you worked really hard in the first couple weeks of school to learn their names in the first couple days. What they’re going to remember most is that you went to their athletic events, in their concerts.
What they’re going to remember most is that you led the class and loud off-key choruses of happy birthday. What they’re going to remember most is that when they made the newspaper you put their newspaper clippings up on the wall in the classroom and you told them to autograph them.
And you told them to do that so that someday when their autographs were worth lots of money it would fund your retirement. What they’re going to remember is that you were transparent and that you were real and that you had the ability to laugh at yourself and laugh with them.
So what’s really important: how do we motivate, how do we inspire, allow kids to involve themselves in the classroom in student choice, collaboration, communication, critical thinking and creativity. But don’t forget that 6th C. It’s probably the most important one because the greatest of these is love.
Thank you.
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