信号处理学术速递[1.10]
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eess.SP信号处理，共计14篇
【1】 The E-Intelligence System
标题：电子情报系统
链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.02590
摘要：Electronic Intelligence (ELINT), often known as E-Intelligence, is
intelligence obtained through electronic sensors. Other than personal
communications, ELINT intelligence is usually obtained. The goal is usually to
determine a target's capabilities, such as radar placement. Active or passive
sensors can be employed to collect data. A provided signal is analyzed and
contrasted to collected data for recognized signal types. The information may
be stored if the signal type is detected; it can be classed as new if no match
is found. ELINT collects and categorizes data. In a military setting (and
others that have adopted the usage, such as a business), intelligence helps an
organization make decisions that can provide them a strategic advantage over
the competition. The term "intel" is frequently shortened. The two main
subfields of signals intelligence (SIGINT) are ELINT and Communications
Intelligence (COMINT). The US Department of Defense specifies the
terminologies, and intelligence communities use the categories of data reviewed
worldwide.
【2】 Energy-Efficient D2D-Aided Fog Computing under Probabilistic Time Constraints
标题：概率时间约束下的能效D2D辅助雾化计算
链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.02527
备注：7 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables
摘要：Device-to-device (D2D) communication is an enabling technology for fog
computing by allowing the sharing of computation resources between mobile
devices. However, temperature variations in the device CPUs affect the
computation resources available for task offloading, which unpredictably alters
the processing time and energy consumption. In this paper, we address the
problem of resource allocation with respect to task partitioning, computation
resources and transmit power in a D2D-aided fog computing scenario, aiming to
minimize the expected total energy consumption under probabilistic constraints
on the processing time. Since the formulated problem is non-convex, we propose
two sub-optimal solution methods. The first method is based on difference of
convex (DC) programming, which we combine with chance-constraint programming to
handle the probabilistic time limitations. Considering that DC programming is
dependent on a good initial point, we propose a second method that relies on
only convex programming, which eliminates the dependence on user-defined
initialization. Simulation results demonstrate that the latter method
outperforms the former in terms of energy efficiency and run-time.
【3】 Amplitude SAR Imagery Splicing Localization
标题：幅度SAR图像拼接定位
链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.02409
摘要：Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images are a valuable asset for a wide variety
of tasks. In the last few years, many websites have been offering them for free
in the form of easy to manage products, favoring their widespread diffusion and
research work in the SAR field. The drawback of these opportunities is that
such images might be exposed to forgeries and manipulations by malicious users,
raising new concerns about their integrity and trustworthiness. Up to now, the
multimedia forensics literature has proposed various techniques to localize
manipulations in natural photographs, but the integrity assessment of SAR
images was never investigated. This task poses new challenges, since SAR images
are generated with a processing chain completely different from that of natural
photographs. This implies that many forensics methods developed for natural
images are not guaranteed to succeed. In this paper, we investigate the problem
of amplitude SAR imagery splicing localization. Our goal is to localize regions
of an amplitude SAR image that have been copied and pasted from another image,
possibly undergoing some kind of editing in the process. To do so, we leverage
a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to extract a fingerprint highlighting
inconsistencies in the processing traces of the analyzed input. Then, we
examine this fingerprint to produce a binary tampering mask indicating the
pixel region under splicing attack. Results show that our proposed method,
tailored to the nature of SAR signals, provides better performances than
state-of-the-art forensic tools developed for natural images.
【4】 Sustainable Satellite Communications in the 6G Era: A European View for Multi-Layer Systems and Space Safety
标题：6G时代的可持续卫星通信：欧洲对多层系统和空间安全的看法
链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.02408
备注：30 pages, 20 figures
摘要：During the New Space era small countries are also becoming more important
players in the space business. While the space activities are rapidly
increasing, it is important to make operations in a sustainable and safe way in
order to preserve satellite services for future generations. In this survey
paper, we discuss the multi-layer networking approaches in the 6G era
specifically from the sustainability perspective. We review the most important
regulations and international guidelines and revisit a three-dimensional
architecture vision to support the sustainability target for a variety of
application areas. We then classify and discuss space safety paradigms that are
important sustainability enablers of future satellite communications. These
include space traffic management, debris detection, environmental impacts,
spectrum sharing, and cyber security aspects. The paper discusses also advances
towards a planned European connectivity constellation that could become a third
flagship infrastructure along with Galileo and Copernicus systems. Finally, we
define potential research directions towards the 2030s.
【5】 Investigation of the Relationship Between Localization Accuracy and Sensor Array
标题：定位精度与传感器阵列关系的研究
链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.02372
摘要：The magnetic localization method has been widely studied, which is mainly
based on the accurate mapping of the magnetic field generated by magnetic
sources. Many factors affect localization accuracy in the experiment.
Therefore, this paper tends to study the relationship between localization
accuracy and sensor array with different experiments. This system uses a small
magnet as the magnetic source, and the mathematical model of the magnetic
positioning system is established based on the magnetic dipole model to
estimate the magnetic field. The Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm was used to
construct a magnetic positioning objective function for comparison experiments.
Experimental results show:When the sensor is evenly distributed around the
magnet, the positioning accuracy is higher than other layout of the sensor
array, the average localization error is 0.47mm and the average orientation
error is 0.92 degree.
【6】 Multiresolution Fully Convolutional Networks to detect Clouds and Snow through Optical Satellite Images
标题：利用光学卫星图像探测云雪的多分辨率全卷积网络
链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.02350
摘要：Clouds and snow have similar spectral features in the visible and
near-infrared (VNIR) range and are thus difficult to distinguish from each
other in high resolution VNIR images. We address this issue by introducing a
shortwave-infrared (SWIR) band where clouds are highly reflective, and snow is
absorptive. As SWIR is typically of a lower resolution compared to VNIR, this
study proposes a multiresolution fully convolutional neural network (FCN) that
can effectively detect clouds and snow in VNIR images. We fuse the
multiresolution bands within a deep FCN and perform semantic segmentation at
the higher, VNIR resolution. Such a fusion-based classifier, trained in an
end-to-end manner, achieved 94.31% overall accuracy and an F1 score of 97.67%
for clouds on Resourcesat-2 data captured over the state of Uttarakhand, India.
These scores were found to be 30% higher than a Random Forest classifier, and
10% higher than a standalone single-resolution FCN. Apart from being useful for
cloud detection purposes, the study also highlights the potential of
convolutional neural networks for multi-sensor fusion problems.
【7】 Well-Conditioned Linear Minimum Mean Square Error Estimation
标题：良态线性最小均方误差估计
链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.02275
摘要：Computing linear minimum mean square error (LMMSE) filters is often ill
conditioned, suggesting that unconstrained minimization of the mean square
error is an inadequate principle for filter design. To address this, we first
develop a unifying framework for studying constrained LMMSE estimation
problems. Using this framework, we expose an important structural property of
all constrained LMMSE filters and show that they all involve an inherent
preconditioning step. This parameterizes all such filters only by their
preconditioners. Moreover, each filters is invariant to invertible linear
transformations of its preconditioner. We then clarify that merely constraining
the rank of the filters, leading to the well-known low-rank Wiener filter, does
not suitably address the problem of ill conditioning. Instead, we use a
constraint that explicitly requires solutions to be well conditioned in a
certain specific sense. We introduce two well-conditioned estimators and
evaluate their mean-squared-error performance. We show these two estimators
converge to the standard LMMSE filter as their truncated-power ratio converges
to zero, but more slowly than the low-rank Wiener filter in terms of scaling
law. This exposes the price for being well conditioned. We also show
quantitative results with historical VIX data to illustrate the performance of
our two well-conditioned estimators.
【8】 Surveying 5G Techno-Economic Research to Inform the Evaluation of 6G Wireless Technologies
标题：调查5G技术-经济研究为6G无线技术评估提供信息
链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.02272
摘要：Techno-economic assessment is a fundamental technique engineers use for
evaluating new communications technologies. However, despite the
techno-economics of the fifth cellular generation (5G) being an active research
area, it is surprising there are few comprehensive evaluations of this growing
literature. With mobile network operators deploying 5G across their networks,
it is therefore an opportune time to appraise current accomplishments and
review the state-of-the-art. Such insight can inform the flurry of 6G research
papers currently underway and help engineers in their mission to provide
affordable high-capacity, low-latency broadband connectivity, globally. The
survey discusses emerging trends from the 5G techno-economic literature and
makes six key recommendations for the design and standardization of Next
Generation 6G wireless technologies.
【9】 Comprehensive RF Dataset Collection and Release: A Deep Learning-Based Device Fingerprinting Use Case
标题：全面的射频数据集收集和发布：基于深度学习的设备指纹识别使用案例
链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.02213
备注：This paper has been presented in IEEE GLOBECOM Workshop 2021
摘要：Deep learning-based RF fingerprinting has recently been recognized as a
potential solution for enabling newly emerging wireless network applications,
such as spectrum access policy enforcement, automated network device
authentication, and unauthorized network access monitoring and control. Real,
comprehensive RF datasets are now needed more than ever to enable the study,
assessment, and validation of newly developed RF fingerprinting approaches. In
this paper, we present and release a large-scale RF fingerprinting dataset,
collected from 25 different LoRa-enabled IoT transmitting devices using USRP
B210 receivers. Our dataset consists of a large number of SigMF-compliant
binary files representing the I/Q time-domain samples and their corresponding
FFT-based files of LoRa transmissions. This dataset provides a comprehensive
set of essential experimental scenarios, considering both indoor and outdoor
environments and various network deployments and configurations, such as the
distance between the transmitters and the receiver, the configuration of the
considered LoRa modulation, the physical location of the conducted experiment,
and the receiver hardware used for training and testing the neural network
models.
【10】 Charging Techniques for UAV-assisted Data Collection: Is Laser Power Beaming the Answer?
标题：无人机辅助数据收集的充电技术：激光传输能解决问题吗？
链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.02573
备注：6 pages, 5 figures
摘要：As Covid-19 has increased the need for connectivity around the world,
researchers are targeting new technologies that could improve coverage and
connect the unconnected in order to make progress toward the United Nations
Sustainable Development Goals. In this context, drones are seen as one of the
key features of 6G wireless networks that could extend the coverage of previous
wireless network generations. That said, limited on-board energy seems to be
the main drawback that hinders the use of drones for wireless coverage.
Therefore, different wireless and wired charging techniques, such as laser
beaming, charging stations, and tether stations are proposed. In this paper, we
analyze and compare these different charging techniques by performing extensive
simulations for the scenario of drone-assisted data collection from
ground-based Internet of Things (IoT) devices. We analyze the strengths and
weaknesses of each charging technique, and finally show that laser-powered
drones strongly compete with, and outperform in some scenarios other charging
techniques.
【11】 Delay Alignment Modulation: Enabling Equalization-Free Single-Carrier Communication
标题：延迟对齐调制：实现无均衡单载波通信
链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.02291
备注：5 pages, 6 figures
摘要：This paper proposes a novel broadband transmission technology, termed delay
alignment modulation (DAM), which enables the low-complexity equalization-free
single-carrier communication, yet without suffering from inter-symbol
interference (ISI). The key idea of DAM is to deliberately introduce
appropriate delays for information-bearing symbols at the transmitter side, so
that after propagating over the time-dispersive channel, all multi-path signal
components will arrive at the receiver simultaneously and constructively. We
first show that by applying DAM for the basic multiple-input single-output
(MISO) communication system, an ISI-free additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN)
system can be obtained with the simple zero-forcing (ZF) beamforming.
Furthermore, the more general DAM scheme is studied with the ISI-maximal-ratio
transmission (MRT) and the ISI-minimum mean-square error (MMSE) beamforming.
Simulation results are provided to show that when the channel is sparse and/or
the antenna dimension is large, DAM not only resolves the notorious practical
issues suffered by orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) such as
high peak-to-average-power ratio (PAPR), severe out-of-band (OOB) emission, and
vulnerability to carrier frequency offset (CFO), with low complexity, but also
achieves higher spectral efficiency due to the saving of guard interval
overhead.
【12】 Detecting Anomalies using Overlapping Electrical Measurements in Smart Power Grids
标题：利用重叠电测量检测智能电网中的异常
链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.02236
摘要：As cyber-attacks against critical infrastructure become more frequent, it is
increasingly important to be able to rapidly identify and respond to these
threats. This work investigates two independent systems with overlapping
electrical measurements with the goal to more rapidly identify anomalies. The
independent systems include HIST, a SCADA historian, and ION, an automatic
meter reading system (AMR). While prior research has explored the benefits of
fusing measurements, the possibility of overlapping measurements from an
existing electrical system has not been investigated. To that end, we explore
the potential benefits of combining overlapping measurements both to improve
the speed/accuracy of anomaly detection and to provide additional validation of
the collected measurements. In this paper, we show that merging overlapping
measurements provide a more holistic picture of the observed systems. By
applying Dynamic Time Warping more anomalies were found -- specifically, an
average of 349 times more anomalies, when considering anomalies from both
overlapping measurements. When merging the overlapping measurements, a percent
change of anomalies of up to 785\% can be achieved compared to a non-merge of
the data as reflected by experimental results.
【13】 Predicting Trust Using Automated Assessment of Multivariate Interactional Synchrony
标题：基于多变量交互同步性自动评估的信任预测
链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.02223
摘要：Diverse disciplines are interested in how the coordination of interacting
agents' movements, emotions, and physiology over time impacts social behavior.
Here, we describe a new multivariate procedure for automating the investigation
of this kind of behaviorally-relevant "interactional synchrony", and introduce
a novel interactional synchrony measure based on features of dynamic time
warping (DTW) paths. We demonstrate that our DTW path-based measure of
interactional synchrony between facial action units of two people interacting
freely in a natural social interaction can be used to predict how much trust
they will display in a subsequent Trust Game. We also show that our approach
outperforms univariate head movement models, models that consider participants'
facial action units independently, and models that use previously proposed
synchrony or similarity measures. The insights of this work can be applied to
any research question that aims to quantify the temporal coordination of
multiple signals over time, but has immediate applications in psychology,
medicine, and robotics.
【14】 Towards Industry 5.0: Intelligent Reflecting Surface (IRS) in Smart Manufacturing
标题：走向行业5.0：智能制造中的智能反射面(IRS)
链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.02214
摘要：Intelligent Reflecting Surface (IRS) is expected to become a key enabling
technology for 6G wireless communication networks as they can significantly
improve the wireless network's performance, creating a controllable radio
environment in preferred directions. The vision for Industry 5.0 is for close
cooperation between humans and machines, requiring ultra-reliability and low
latency communications (URLLC). IRS is expected to play a crucial role in
realizing wireless URLLC for Industry 5.0. In this paper, we first provide an
overview of IRS technology and then conceptualize the potential for IRS
implementation in a smart manufacturing environment to support the emergence of
Industry 5.0 with a series of applications. Finally, to stimulate future
research in this area, we discuss the strength, open challenges, maturity, and
enhancing areas of the IRS technology in modern smart manufacturing.
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