原创 新人教版核心词汇全方位拓展 必修B3U1

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/'dekəreɪt/ vt. 

【Paraphrase】

decorate vi.&vt. to put paint and/or coloured paper onto walls, ceiling and doors in a room or building (from Oxford)

decoration n.[C]&[U] something that is added to something in order to make it look more attractive (from Oxford)

vt. 装饰；装潢

【formation】

decorate vi.&vt.

 第三人称单数: decorates  过去式:decorated 过去分词:decorated   现在分词: decorating

decoration /ˌdekə'reɪʃən/ n.[C]&[U] 装饰；装潢；[C] 装饰品；

【例句】

例1：Today, in some European countries, people decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit, and get together to celebrate over a meal.

---  B3 P4

例2: Orange trees make great gifts and you see them many times decorated with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.  

 ---2020全国Ⅱ卷语法填空       

例3：Even if there isn't a registry, a good housewarming gift is something to decorate the new house with, like a piece of art or a plant.

 --- 2020全国Ⅲ卷 七选五

例4：In another, employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.

--- 2020全国Ⅰ卷 阅读理解D篇

例5： Professor Flitwick, the Charms teacher, had  already decorated his classroom with shimmering lights that turned out  to be real, fluttering fairies.                 

 ---  Harry Potter 3

例6：“The  only  place  I decorate  is  my  own  house,” 

she  said  emphatically.

---华尔街日报2021-06-19&20-- C12 

【短语互译】

用......来装饰  be decorated with 

圣诞节装饰品 Christmas decorations

【句子翻译】

decorate vi.&vt.

1. 他用自己最喜欢的几位体语明星的照片装饰房间。

He decorated his room with pictures of all his favorite sports figures.

2. 我们打算利用这个周末的时间来装饰房间。

We plan to spend the weekend decorating the room.

decoration n.[C]&[U]

1. 剪纸常贴在窗户和门上作装饰。

Paper cuts used for decoration are often seen on windows and gates.

2.range

[reɪndʒ]

【Paraphrase】

range [reɪndʒ] n. a variety of things that belong to the same group; the limits between which sth. can vary (from Oxford)

 vi. to include a variety of things in addition to those mentioned; to vary between two amounts,sizes,etc. (from Oxford)

n.一系列,范围,界限,包括

vi. 包括；(在一定的范围内)变化

【formation】

 第三人称单数: ranges 过去式:ranged 过去分词:ranged     现在分词: ranging

【例句】

例1. They have a wide range of origins, such as the seasons of the year,religious famous figures,and important

--- 新教材B3P4

例2.In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common ground in communication style can be a challenge.

 ---2020全国二卷七选五

例3.What is the age range required by Stewardship Youth Ranger Program?

---2019全国一卷阅读理解A5. 例4.While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence that they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada． 

---2019全国一卷语法填空

例5. Her eyes ranged(v.四处移动） over Neville and came to rest on Harry.

---Harry Potter 5

例6 .Put that way, I suspect  most  Americans’  answers would  range  from  “probably not”  to “hell, no.”

 ---华尔街日报2021-06-19&20   Saturday/Sunday, June 19 - 20, 2021 | A15

【短语互译】

range from… to… 包括从……到……之间

a range of 一整套的；一系列的

a wide range of 不同的

age range 年龄范围

beyond one’s range 超出......范围

at close range 近距离

a mountain range 一座山脉

range between ... and 在......之间

【句子翻译】

1. 大学生有着不同的社会，文化和经济背景。北师大8--23

College students come from a wide range of social, cultural and economic background.

2. 在意大利和法国之间，有一座被称作阿尔卑斯的山脉。外研3--1

Between Italy and France, there is a range mountain range  called  the Alps.

3. 这个节目观众众多，从小孩子到爷爷奶奶一辈都有。（v.包括）

The show had a large audience,ranging from children to grandparents.

3.figure

['fɪɡə(r)]

 【Paraphrase】

figure ['fɪɡə(r)]  n. an important person;a number;a price

vt.  to be an important part of sth.;to work sth. out  

n.人物；,数字；身材

vt.认为；认定

【formation】

 第三人称单数: figures 过去式:figured 过去分词:figured     现在分词: figuring

【例句】

例1.They have a wide range of origins, such as the seasons of the year,religious famous figures,and important

--- 新教材B3P4

例2. When you were trying to figure out what to buy for the environmentalist on your holiday list, fur probably didn’t cross your mind.

---2020全国卷2C篇阅读理解

例3. To figure out how much power these devices are using，Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life — from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device．

---2018全国卷1D阅读理解

例4. Sitting on a sofa in her room, Welty, a slim figure in a simple gray dress, looked pleased with this explanation．

  ---2016全国卷3B篇阅读理解

例5. Suddenly a  dark figure hurtled out onto the path in front of him.

--- Harry Potter 4

例6. She  and  her art student, a 59-year-old  stay-at-home mom, filled  out  applications  with the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission but figured  they had   zero  chance  of  being    selected.

---Reader’s  Dig est 2021 --07&08National Interest .com 83

【短语互译】

最新的贸易数据 the latest trade figures

有算术头脑 have a head for figures

苗条的身材 a slim figure

公众|领军权威人物 a public/ a leading/an authority figure

马的铜像 a bronze figure of a horse

弄清楚；弄明白；计算出 figure out

【句子翻译】

1. 他找到一份工作，收入接近6位数。

He got a job,earning close to six figures.

2. 旅行要花费多少费用你算出来没有？

Have you figure out how much the trip will cost?

3. 大学时我们需要专注于某一专业，而在中学时我们需要找出这一专业。

College is when we should focus on a specific major, but high school is when we have to figure it out.

4.grateful

/'greɪtfl/  adj.

【Paraphrase】

grateful /'greɪtfl/ adj. felling or showing thanks (to Sb)

感激的；表示感谢的

【formation】

grateful adj.感激的, 感谢的  ----gratitude n.感谢；感恩 (不可数)----gratefully adv.----gratefulness n ----ungrateful adj.

【例句】

例1.People celebrate to show that they are grateful for the year’s supply of food.

  ---B3P4

例2. I would be grateful if you could give me a kind consideration.

 ---2015 陕西书面表达

例3.I’m so grateful to all those volunteers because they helped my terrible day end happily.

---2015安徽

例4. When we touched down to blue skies and warm air, I sent up a small prayer of gratefulness.

---2015新课标全国卷一B 阅读理解 

例5.At last they found an empty compartment, and Harry hurried inside gratefully.

----Harry Potter 6

例 6. Should I petition my boss to expense  the ride as， “business” or just be grateful for the experience? 

------华尔街日报2021-06-19&20   Saturday/Sunday, June 19 - 20, 2021E 

短语互译：

为某事向某人表示感谢 be grateful to sb for sth.

因做某事尔感激 be grateful to do sth.

...感激的是...be grateful that

句子翻译：

1. 我们对你为我们所做的一切深表感谢。

We are very grateful to you for what you did for us.

2. 你满足了他的要求，他非常感激。

He was very grateful that you did as he asked.

3. 如果你能帮忙，我将不胜感激。（用于提出要求）

I would be very grateful if you could lend a hand.

5. significant

[sɪɡ'nɪfɪkənt] adj.

【Paraphrase】

adj. having a particular meaning;important or large enough to be noticed

有重大意义的,显著的 

【formation】:

 significant adj.--  significance n.---  significantly adv.--  signify v.是...的标志；象征

【例句】

例1 Customs play a significant role in festivals ,but sometimes they changed over time.

---  B3 P4 

例2: The differences between most of the groups were statistically insignificant; however, the participants in the 70 decibels group — those exposed to a level of noise similar to background chatter in a coffee shop — significantly outperformed the other groups.

 --- 2021 年全国乙卷英语试题阅读理解D           

例3：But since the results at 70 decibels were significant, the study also suggests that the right level of background noise — not too loud and not total silence — may actually improve one’s creative thinking ability.

---2021 年全国乙卷英语试题 D阅

例4：In the study, about 52 percent of the dads exhibited above-average levels of authoritative parenting. A key finding is that over time, children raised by an authoritative father were significantly more likely to develop persistence, which leads to better outcomes in school.

---2020年1月全国统一考试(浙江卷)

例5 This involves bringing up every significant image and hope that connects the mourner to the departed one, infusing it with emotional energy, and then letting it pass.  This involves bringing up every significant image and hope that connects the mourner to the departed one, infusing it with emotional energy, and then letting it. This involves bringing up every significant image and hope that connects the mourner to the departed one, infusing it with emotional energy, and then letting it This involves bringing up every significant image and hope that connects the mourner to the

departed one, infusing it with emotional energy, and then letting it

例5.This involves  bringing up  every  significant  image and hope that connects the mourner to the departed one, infusing it with emotional energy, and then letting it pass.

----华尔街日报2021-06-19&20 Saturday/Sunday, June 19 - 20, 2021

例6：That a  man with such  significant  happiness  problems would be known for painting   images of undeniable happiness  might  seem  ironic.

--- Reader s Dig est How to Feel Happy  26 july/august 2021 | rd.com

短语互译：

对.....是很重要的 be  significant for

 很明显It is significant that

对.......不重要 be of (no /little)significance that

认为......重要attach significance to

句子翻译：

1.很明显，女生的考试成绩比男生.It is  significant that girls do better in exam than boys.

2.你今天的努力对你的未来有重大意义.Your work today  is  significant for your future.

3.直到那时他才意识到环保的重要性。Only then did he realize the  significance of protecting the environment.

6.pleased

 [pli:zd] adj.

【Paraphrase】

 happy or satisfied with sth.

高兴的,满意的 (一般不用于名词前）

【formation] 

pleasant adj.高兴的 eg. a pleasant evening/climate/place/view（(一般用于名词前）

pleased adj  (修饰人）---pleasing adj（修饰物）---pleasure n.---please vt.& vi使高兴;使满意;讨人喜欢

 【例句】

例1.Her parents were so pleased to get the news that she won the prize.

----旧版人教3---5

例2:   As a third-generation native of Brownsville, Texas, Mildred Garza never pleased move away.

---  2016全国1卷B阅读                 

例3：----I’m very ___(please)with my own cooking. It looks nice and smells delicious.

-----Mum, it does have a pleasant smell

 --- 维克多词汇p340

例4：`I don't know of any that do,' Alice said very politely, feeling quite pleased to have got into a conversation.

----爱丽斯漫游仙境 Alice’s Adventures in Wonderlan

例5：The action was more frank and fearless than any I was habituated to indulge in: somehow it pleased her.

----Jane Eyre简爱

短语互译：

高兴做某事 be pleased to do sth.

自鸣得意   be pleased with oneself

对...满意   be pleased with sth.

句子翻译：

1我很高兴你决定再呆一个星期。

I’m so pleased that you have decided to stay another week.

2. 我们非常乐意效劳。

We are only too pleased to help.

3. 约翰好像对他的新车很满意。

John seems very pleased with his new car.

7.gather

['ɡæðə(r)] vi.

【Paraphrase】

  vt.&vi..(used about people)to come or be brought together in a group;bring many things together

聚集,集合

vt.聚集,搜集,收割

【formation】

第三人称单数: gathers    s 过去式:    gathered  过去分词:    gatherd   现在分词:     gathering

gathering n.聚会，集会

【例句】

例1. This important agricultural festival takes places after all the crops have been gathered in.

---  B3 P4  

例2:   When “Rise of the Planet of the Apes" was first shown to the public last month, a group of excited animal activists gathered on Hollywood Boulevard.

---  2020全国3卷 B阅读                 

例3：The insects gather under the table．

 --- 2017全国2卷 阅读D

例4：From the 4th of July to the 24th, I was chiefly employed walking about with my Gun in my Hand, a little and a little, at a Time, as a Man that was gathering up his Strength after a Fit of Sickness: For it is hardly to be imagined, how low I was, and to what Weakness I was reduced.

--------    鲁滨逊漂流记             

例5： Now that she was dead, all he could think about was how much he missed her—how she

used to walk under the trees she had planted, those cedars, cypresses and Japanese pagodas, how she would examine the flowers in her greenhouse or gather the roses she loved so much.

-----华尔街日报2021-06-19&20   Saturday/Sunday, June 19 - 20, 2021

例    6. .  Everyone gathers  for grilled fish, jerk chicken,lobster pizza or  coconut curry octopus,lots of music  and  conversation.

-----华尔街日报2021-06-19&20   Saturday/Sunday, June 19 - 20, 2021

短语互译：

从各处收集的信息 information gathered from various sources

招拢来一群人 gather a crowed

句子翻译：

1. 我们本周五晚上8点在学生俱乐部集合。

We’ll gather at the Students’ Club at 8 p.m. this Friday.

2. 他鼓起所有勇气，决定来参加求职面试。

He gathered (up) all his strength and decided to attend a job interview.

3. 在春节，一家人聚集在餐桌前。

In Spring Festival, the whole family would gather around the table.

4. 蜜蜂采蜜

Bees gather honey.

8.

represent [ˌreprɪ'zent]

【Paraphrase】

  vt.  to be a sign or symbol of sth; to describe sb/sth in a particular way;to officially speak or act for another person or group of people link .verb.to be or be equal to sth

vt.象征,代表,

(link.verb)相当于 

【formation】

  represent adj.--- representative n.代理人，代表   

第三人称单数: represents 过去式:   represented  过去分词:   represented   现在分词:    representing

【例句】

例1 Naadam means games in Mongolian, and it is represented three events: horse racing, wrestling,and archery,which are all so exciting to watch!

---  B3 P8

例2: They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.

--- 2020年全国卷II语法填

例3： For many British people, that can apply to institutions and objects that represent their country’s past---age-old castles, splendid homes ... and red phone boxes.

---2020年江苏卷阅读B

例4： Enormous silk banners  hung from the walls, each of them representing a Hogwarts House:        red with a gold lion  for Gryffiindor, blue with a bronze eagle for Ravenclaw, yellow with a black badger for  Hufflepuff, and green with a silver serpent for Slytherin.

---Harry Potter 4

例5：    For Mr. Biden it represents     a re-newed  commitment  to America’s traditional allies after four years of tension during the Trump presidency, with its policy of “America First.”

-----华尔街日报2021-06-19&20   Saturday/Sunday, June 19 - 20, 2021

例6："This indicates that there is a certain way quantity is represented in their brains, "Dr． Livingstone says． “But in this experiment what they're doing is paying more attention to the big number than the little one．”

---  2019年全国卷3阅读D   

短语互译：

代表/展示/描绘某人某事 represent sb/sth

向某人正式提出represent sth to sb

把......描绘成 represent...to be...

学生/销售代表 a student/sales representative

句子翻译：

1. 面条必须是整根不切断的，因为他们象征长命百岁。

Noodles should be uncut,as they represent long life .

2. 他是代表我们班的人。

He is the person to  represent our class.

3. “爱”这个词常用心形表示。

The word “Love” is often represented by a heart.

9reflect

[ri'flekt]

【Paraphrase】

 n. an image that you see in a mirror,in water or a shiny surface;careful thought about sth

 vt. show an image of sb or sth on the surface of a mirror,water or glass;to send back light ,heat or sound from a surface;to show or express sth;think carefully

vt.显示,反映,反射

vi. &vt. 反思；回想；仔细考虑

reflection   n.[C&U]  反复思考；仔细考虑   

 [C]  反映； 映像    [U] 反射

【formation】

名词复数: reflections       

第三人称单数: reflects 过去式: reflected  过去分词:   reflected   现在分词: reflecting reflection

【例句】

例1 They reflect people’s wishes ,beliefs,faiths, and attitudes towards life.

---  B3P5 

例2:  “I reflect on how my day's gone and think about the rest of the week,” he said. “It's a chance for self-reflection, You return to work recharged and with a plan.”

 --- 2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷II)C阅读

例3：They reflect a concentrated beam(束)of light onto the town’s central hall, creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters.

---2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷III)完形

例4：I began now seriously to reflect upon what I had done, and how justly I was overtaken by the judgment of Heaven for my wicked leaving my father’s house, and abandoning my duty.

---鲁滨逊漂流记

例5：Zuo Xiaodong, vice-president of the China Information Security Research Institute, said the security investigations of these enterprises reflect the country’s measures to strengthen the prevention of cyber security and data security risks.

----China Daily 2021-o7-06

例6：In an interview with China Daily to mark the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China, Chey, 82, reflected on the role the CPC has played in shaping today’s modern China starting with the country’s unique system of multi-party cooperation and political consultation and on why it works.

---  China Daily 2021-o7-06 18 | Tuesday, July 6, 2021

短语互译：

思考某事 reflect on/upon sth

陷入沉思 be lost in reflection

给人留下（好的，不好的）印象

reflect (well,badly)on sb/sth

句子翻译：

1. 中秋节的庆祝活动反映了中国的文化传统。

Mid-autumn celebrations reflect Chinese cultural traditions.

2. 我反思一下我这一天是如何度过的，并思考着这一周剩下几天怎么过。

I reflect on how my day’s  gone and think about the rest of the week.

3. 父母常常觉得子女的行为会影响其他人对自己的看法。

Parents often feel that their children’s behaviour is a reflection on their themselves.

10.respect

[rɪs'pekt]

【Paraphrase】

  n. the feeling that you have when you admire ;polite behaviour; a detail

  vt. to admire or have a high opinion of sb/ sth; to show care for or pay attention to

vt.尊敬,尊重

 n.. [U]敬意，重视  [C]  方面；细节 

【formation】

名词复数:  respects      

第三人称单数:    respects 过去式:   respected  过去分词:   respected   现在分词:    respecting

respect v .----respectable adj（体面的，正派的）--respectful adj. 恭敬的--respective  adj.各自的

【例句】

例1It is a day for people to show respect to seniors.

---  B3 P10

例2: The admiration and respect his uncle earned inspired Nielsen to make a career ( 职 业 ) in acting.

---  2021 年7月浙江省英语试题A

例3：“That’s what’s so amazing about chimp gestures,” she said.  “They’re the only thing that looks like human language in that respect.”

- 2021年1月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（浙江）阅读C

例4：Eliza, who, was headstrong and selfish, was respected.

----简爱           

例5： I had meant to be so good, and to do so much at Lowood: to make so many friends, to earn respect and win affection.

----简爱

例6：On this special occasion, it is my honor to declare on behalf of the Party and the people that through the continued efforts of the whole Party and the entire nation, we have realized the first

centenary goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.

在这里，我代表党和人民庄严宣告，经过全党全国各族人民持续奋斗， 我们实现了第一个百年奋斗目标，在中华大地上全面建成了小康社会， 历史性地解决了绝对贫困问题，正在意气风发向着全面建成社会主义现 代化强国的第二个百年奋斗目标迈进。

---习近平在庆祝中国共产党成立一百周年大会上的讲话（2021年7月1日）

【短语互译】

尊重某人 respect sb

自尊，自重respect oneself

因某事而尊重某人respect sb for sth

代我向某人致意give/ send my respect to sb

在这个、那个方面in this /that respect

遵守法律 respect the law

句子翻译：

1. 在这方面，我向尊敬的老师致以崇高的敬意。

I show great respect for the respectable teachers in this respect.

2. 重阳节，又称重九节，是向老年人表达敬意的日子。

The chongyang Festival ,also called Double Ninth Festival is a day for people to show respect to seniors.

3. 友谊是建立在彼此尊重之上的。

Friendship is built upon respect for each other.

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