【顶级期刊创业研究速递】SEJ 2019年3月文献中英文摘要
Are the life and death of an early‐stage venture indeed in the power of the tongue Lessons from online crowdfunding pitches
早期阶段企业的生与死——话语的力量，来自在线众筹平台宣传的启示
作者：
Hadar Gafni1 | Dan Marom2 | Orly Sade2
1Department of Innovation and Organizational Economics (INO), Copenhagen Business School, Copenhagen, Denmark
2Jerusalem School of Business, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
摘要：
当给潜在的支持者展示众筹倡议时，创业者可以选择他们展示自己以及创意的程度。本文基于领先的众筹平台（Kickstarter）研究了该项决策及其筹资的成功。本文使用了量化文本的方法并且进行了稳健性检验印证。本文的数据集来源于定制化软件并拥有20000条商业宣传和结果。本文发现在Kickstarter众筹平台上，在控制其他变量的基础上，创业者的描述很重要——经常提及创业者的名字的项目（特别是艺术相关的）具有更高的成功率。
While presenting initiatives to potential backers, entrepreneurs can choose the extent to which they presents themselves, versus presenting the idea. We investigate this decision and its effect on the success of fund-raising on a leading crowdfunding platform (Kickstarter). We employ a textual quantification method validated by robustness tests. Our dataset was collected using custom software and includes more than 20,000 online business pitches and their results. We find that in Kickstarter fund-raising, entrepreneurs’ descriptions matter—projects (especially art related) that frequently mentioned entrepreneurs’ names experienced higher rates of success, controlling for relevant variables.
Tapping into the knowledge of incumbents The role of corporate venture capital investments and inventor mobility
挖掘在位企业知识：公司风险资本投资和发明者流动性的角色
作者：
Francesco Di Lorenzo1 | Vareska van de Vrande 2
1Department of Strategy and Innovation,Copenhagen Business School, Frederiksberg,Denmark
2Department of Strategic Management and Entrepreneurship, Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, Netherlands
摘要：
本文研究了公司风险资本和发明者流动对于新创企业使用在位企业知识资源作为输入变量对其创新活动的影响。本文研究表明接受公司风险资本投资的企业吸收较少的发明者知识，而发明者流动性增加了在位企业技术知识被该接收企业所使用。企业综合了公司风险资本投资和该在位企业发明者流动会较少吸收在位企业的专利，但是在新创企业接受投资以及雇佣发明者同时发生时这些专利的引用率增加了。因此，本文研究揭示了与个体有关的组织复杂性以及公司风险投资和发明者流动性共同在确定新创企业创新行为所扮演的角色。
This article investigates the impact of corporate venture capital (CVC) investments and inventors' mobility on the extent to which new ventures use incumbents' knowledge resources as inputs for their innovation activities. Our findings suggest that ventures receiving CVC investments draw less on investors' knowledge, while inventor mobility increases the extent to which an incumbent's technological knowledge is used by recipient ventures. Ventures combining CVC investments and inventor mobility from the same incumbent are selected for drawing less on that incumbent's patents, but these citation flows increase in the period after investment and the inventors' hiring events are combined. Our results, thus, unveil the organizational complexity associated with the individual and combined roles of CVC investments and inventor mobility in determining new ventures' innovation behaviors.
Self‐selection of entrepreneurial firms in thin venture capital markets Theory and empirical evidence
在薄弱风险资本市场中的新创企业自我选择：理论和实证
作者：
Fabio Bertoni 1 | Diego D’Adda 2 | Luca Grilli 3
1Department of Economics, Finance and Control, Research Center in Entrepreneurial Finance, emlyon business school, Ecully, France
2Dipartimento di Ingegneriadell'Informazione, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
3Department of Management, Economics and Industrial Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
摘要：
本文开发了一个在薄弱VC市场中（注：该市场的特征为仅有有限的VC投资者和有限的寻求VC融资的新创企业数量）创业企业与风险资本投资者的两阶段选择模型。该模型预测了在一个弱VC市场，VC的可得性降低了企业自我选择进入VC市场的倾向（需求端选择）而非企业进入VC市场获得融资（供给端选择）的概率。本文使用了基于1990年代到2000年代之间意大利的190家技术驱动型企业的调研数据来检验这些预测。实证结果支撑了该模型的预测。
We develop a two-step selection model between entrepreneurial ventures and venture capital (VC) investors in a thin VC market. The model predicts that in a thin VC market, the availability of VC reduces the propensity of firms to self-select into the market for VC (demand-side selection) but not the probability that firms entering the market for VC will receive financing (supply-side selection). We test these predictions using survey-based data on 190 new technology-based firms in Italy during the late 1990s and early 2000s. The empirical evidence supports the predictions of the model.
A set‐theoretic investigation into the origins of creation and discovery opportunities
对机会创造和发现的来源的研究
作者：
Adam W. Smith1 | Kaveh Moghaddam2 | Stephen E. Lanivich3
1Department of Management, Middle Tennessee State University, Jennings A. Jones College of Business, Murfreesboro, Tennessee
2Department of Management, University of Houston-Victoria, School of Business Administration, Katy, Texas
3Department of Management, Old Dominion University, College of Business and Public Administration, Norfolk, Virginia
摘要：
本文基于对初创公司的访谈并且使用文本编码技术来研究25家机会创造和发现。基于奥地利经济学和社会建构论的理论论证，我们确定了四种原因条件：社会纽带，社会中介，先验知识和过去的创业经验。通过使用定量比较分析方法来分析这些原因条件。结果表明机会创造与社会纽带，先验知识以及缺乏先前创业经历有关。另外，机会发现与先验知识，社会纽带和社会中介有关。本文的实证结果表明社会资本与人力资本配置的差异与机会的创造和发现路径有关。
This study employs textual coding techniques to investigate 25 creation and discovery opportunities using entrepreneurs' start-up interviews. Based on Austrian economics and social constructionism theoretical arguments, we identified four casual conditions: social bonds, social bridges, prior knowledge, and past start-up experience. These causal conditions are analyzed using qualitative comparative analysis. Results indicate that creation opportunities are associated with social bonds, prior knowledge, and lack of prior entrepreneurial experience. Alternatively, discovery opportunities are associated with prior knowledge, social bonds, and social bridges. Our empirical findings demonstrate the differences in social and human capital configurations associated with forming creation and discovery opportunities.
Some principles are more equal than others Promotion‐ versus prevention‐focused effectuation principles and their disparate relationships with entrepreneurial orientation
有些原则比其他原则更平等：促进聚焦或者回避聚焦效果原则及其与创业导向的不同关系
作者：
Maximilian Palmié1 | Peter Huerzeler1 | Dietmar Grichnik1 | Marcus M. Keupp2,3 | Oliver Gassmann1
1Institute of Technology Management, University of St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
2Department of Military Business Administration, Military Academy at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
3University of St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
摘要：
最近的研究表明效果原则比如灵活性，预先承诺和可负担损失有本质上的区别。为回应澄清效果概念的号召，本文研究引入了促进聚焦效果原则和回避聚焦效果原则。本文认为促进聚焦（回避聚焦）与企业的创业导向正相关（负相关）。通过对151家瑞士中小型能源企业支持了这一论点。因此，本文的研究表明一些效果原则相比其他效果原则与他们潜在的监管重点的因果关系以及与他们和创业导向的关系更加相似。本文提供了未来关于效果原则、因果关系和创业导向的研究思路。
Recent research suggests that effectuation principles such as flexibility, precommitments, and affordable loss may differ substantially from one another. Responding to the call to clarify the effectuation concept, our study introduces the distinction between promotion- and prevention-focused effectuation principles. It argues that promotion-focused (prevention-focused) principles are positively (negatively) associated with a firm's entrepreneurial orientation (EO). It further argues that causation is also promotion-focused and positively associated with EO. An analysis of 151 Swiss energy small and medium-sized enterprises supports this account. Thus, our study suggests that some effectuation principles are more similar to causation in their underlying regulatory focus and their relationship with EO than they are to other effectuation principles. We offer several paths for future research on effectuation, causation, and EO that emerge from these findings.
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作者：刘志阳，系上海财经大学商学院副院长、创业学院执行副院长、中国社会创业研究中心主任
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